後蘇聯哈薩克斯坦電影新浪潮(1983-1991)

後蘇聯哈薩克斯坦電影新浪潮(1983-1991)
The New Wave of Kazakhstan Cinema in the Post-Soviet Era (1983-1991)

作者: 周豔

关键词: 哈薩克斯坦；電影新浪潮;蘇聯;中亞  Kazakhstan; cinema; The New Wave; Soviet Union; Central Asia

摘要:20世紀80年代後蘇聯時期的電影是蘇聯電影史上的第三次藝術高峰，而中亞的哈薩克斯坦新浪潮電影則是其中最具代表性的藝術成就之一。在俄羅斯外派導師大師班的帶領下，哈薩克斯坦新浪潮的黑色電影、兒童電影和歷史题材影片，以“反觀”的视角試圖還原中亞民族史和近現代加盟時期心靈史的真相，並結合哈薩克斯坦獨特的民族文化傳統，以富於創意的藝術風格突破相應類型電影和電影題材的陳規，並且大膽探索了中亞在後蘇聯時期“主體”身份破碎無依的精神困境。雖然哈薩克斯坦新浪潮在“解構”神話的同時失去了“他人引導”的藝術意志，持續的時間非常短暫，但卻對獨立後中亞五國的電影影響深遠。

Abstract:The post-Soviet cinema of the 1980s were the third artistic peak in the history of Soviet cinema. The New Wave of Kazakhstan cinema were the most representative esthetical artistic achievements during the period. Under the leadership of the master class of Russian expatriate instructors, the noir films, children's cinema and historical cinema in Kazakhstan's new wave restored the truth of the ethnic identity of Central Asia and the spiritual predicament with the "retrospective" element. The combination of Kazakhstan's ethnical cultural tradition with a creative artistic style enables the Kazakh New Wave to break through the stereotypes of Central Asian cinema. The films boldly explored the spiritual dilemma of some special and sensitive subjectivity of five Central Asian countries in the post-Soviet era. Although the Kazakhstan New Wave lost the power of "guiding others" while "deconstructing" myths and lasted only a pretty short time, it had made a profound impact on the cinema of the five Central Asian countries after their independence.

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